LP Distributions: In-Kind or Cash?
I had a chat with a friend and fellow venture investor recently. He’s raising a fund and pitching lots of limited partners (LPs) to invest in it, which got me thinking about what LPs want.
In general, there are various types of limited partners: high-net-worth individuals, family offices, corporations, pensions, endowments, and more. LPs are motivated by different things. To understand whether your fund strategy is aligned with a particular LP, it’s important to understand their motivations.
In my conversations with LPs, I’ve noticed that returns matter to all LPs—but not always cash returns. Most people think that when a fund makes a distribution to its limited partners, it’s in cash. This is often the case. But general partners (GPs), who manage venture capital funds, can choose to distribute stock in a company to their limited partners. This is called an in-kind distribution. For example, if a company has an IPO and goes public, the GP can give the public shares to the fund’s LPs. The LPs can then choose to hold the stock or sell it based on their objectives.
Some LPs want their returns paid in equity. They want in-kind distributions. If a GP invested in a great early-stage company that will produce large profits and distribute dividends to equity owners, or that will continue to grow rapidly and increase in value, these LPs want to go along for the ride. They’re less interested in companies that have no clear path to profitability because they want to own assets for decades.
I’m not sure if this type of LP is in the majority or the minority. I suspect that most GPs target cash distributions (for a variety of reasons). If GPs target investing in companies that LPs can own for decades, I imagine that changes what companies GPs invest in and how they want the companies’ founders to grow their companies.
Imagine if the venture investors who seeded Apple or Microsoft distributed securities to their LPs and the LPs still held those shares today. Between appreciation and dividends, the returns would be amazing. So would the rate of compounding from the initial investment by the GP until today.
I wonder how many venture funds target in-kind distributions so their LPs can own the companies they’re investing in for decades?